nelson



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.) 7

- B. NELSON. SEOTIONAL SURFAGE CONDENSER. No. 477,813. Patented June28, 1892.

WITNESSES. INVENTOI? W I MI/MJYMI/ (No Model!) 3 Sheets-Sheet E. NELSON. SBGTIONAL SURFACE CONDENSER.

No. 477,813. Patented June 28, 1892.

WITNESSES: lA/VZ'A/TO/P UNITED STATES 1 PATENT OFFICE.

ELiHU NELSON, on NEW YoRK, N.'YY., ASSIGNOR or ONE-HALF TO WILLIAM u. MACBEAN, OF SAME PLACE.

S ECTIONAL SURFACE CONDENSER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 477,813, dated June 28,1892.

Application fil ed August 1, 1891.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELIHUNELSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New 5 York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sectional Surface Condensers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled IQ in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention is concerned more especially with making a surface condenser foruse in marine engines for returning the water of I 5 condensation to the boiler; but it may be employed with other engines, and the water of condensation may be carried ofi' to any point whatever, as will appear hereinafter. It is a double chambered-pipe sectional surface condenser made in a series of double-chamberedpipe sections and jointed together one above the other, forming one condenser.

One feature of my invention relates to the mode of coupling the different parts of the condenser, the objectbeing to make the joining of the pipes which form my condenser easy, certain, and secure. With this object in view I make the cooling-chamber and the condensing-chamber of two pipes, one within 0 the other, forming a double-chambered pipe,

and I provide the said pipes with screwthreads of similar pitch, so that they can be united to a common T or L simultaneously or otherwise, as may be most convenient.

5 My invention embraces other features,

which will befully set forth in the specification which follows.-

I have illustrated my invention in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a partly sectional elevation of one form of apparatus embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a modification showing a different arrangement of the steam and water pipes and other novel features. Fig.3 illus- 5 trates in elevation and section a different mode of coupling from that employed in the other figures.

Referring to the drawings by letters and figures, and especially to Fig. 1,- A is the first section of my condenser, and it is made up of an inner pipe A and an outer pipe A This secv scribed farther on.

serial No. 401,407- (No model.)

. or as a heating-section, provision being made for this by means of devices which will be de The succeeding sections of my condenser are lettered, respectively, B, O, D, and E, and they are made up each and all of them of two pipes, one within the other, just like section A. It is evident that by reason of this construction a circular chamber is 1 formed within the inner pipe and an annular chamber between the two pipes. In the present instance I use the annular chamber for the 1 steam and pass the induction-water through the inner pipe. Now as the steam becomes gradually condensed it will be a matter of however, as the first section is liable to be used for a heating-section and inasmuch as the steam during such use will be condensed comparatively little, I make the sections A and B of the same dimensionsthat is, the steam, being only slightly condensed in passing through the first section, will require near- 1y as much space in the second.

The condenser is constructed, mainly, of pipes, Ls, Ts, and valves, there being apipe within a pipe, one for the ind notion-Water and one for the passage of steam.- The threads of 8c the pipe, Ts, and Us are of the-same pitch, so that the parts are readily put together. Taking sectionA as an example, I screw onto the right-hand end ofthe pipe A a T a. I screw it'on in such a manner that it makes a joint and leaves enough thread on the inside pipe outside the T to receive a lock-nut b.

I then screw the T upon the outside pipe (the inside pipe turning with the coupling) until a perfectly-tight joint is formed. On 0 the opposite end I screw a similar T a first on the inside pipe and then on the outside pipe, the coupling during the latter part of its movement being screwed upon both pipes at once, which is rendered possible by the 5' threads being of the same pitch. In this way a double-chambered pipe is formed, one of the chambers being circular and the other annular, as above described. Outside the T a two lock-nuts b b are screwed, one of which is forced. up tight against the outer end of the T a and the other of which is afterward screwed tight against a T c, which is screwed onto the end of pipe A to form a part of the connection between that pipe and the inner pipe B of the next succeeding section.

The above description is sufficient to indicate the construction in every one of the chambers. On the inner end of the pipe B, for example, is a T c, which is joined to the T through a valve 3. Between the other sections of my condenser the Us are joined by flanged joints, as clearly shown at d. The outer pipes and the couplings which cover their ends are provided with corresponding openings, into which are screwed short pipes c e for making connections between the outer pipes. The pipes c c are united by flanged joints. At the outer end of the pipe A and at the inner end of'the pipe E pipes F and G are respectively screwed into the Ts, the former constituting the inlet-pipe for the exhaust-steam and the latter constituting the j exit-pipe to the air-pump H, which passes the water of condensation first into the oilextractor I and then through the vertical pipe N and the nozzle n to the bottom of the oil-extractor and out through the pipe J either through the valve 1 overboard or through the check-valve K, valve 2, and pipe A out at L. The discharge at L may take place into the boiler or wherever else desired. The induction-water enters at M and passes in the direction of the arrows through the inner pipe until it arrives at the T c. There it either takes the direction through the valve 4 overboard in case that valve is open, or, if that valve be closed, together with the valve 2 and the valve 3, and 1 be open, the induction-water passes up through the Ts c and c and the pipe A and is discharged at L.

Nhen the lastdescribed arrangement of valves exists, all the sections A, I5, 0, D, and E are used as condenser-sections, the inner pipe in every instance carrying the inductionwater for condensing the steam. Then, however, the valves 2 and 4 are open and valves 1 and 3 are closed, then the first section is used as a heating-section. In" this case the water of condensationand not the ind uctionwater passes through the pipe A and out at L. This water, beingless cold than the induction-water, will have less condensing effect upon the steam, and for this reason, as already stated, I have made the first two sections of the same dimensions.

I have not thought it necessary to describe the course of the steam from the inlet-pipe F to the exit-pipe G, as it is sufficiently indicated by the arrows.

I make the oil-extractor I as high as the space will allow-from four to eight feet, or even higher. I use this extractor in connection with the condenser when itis not desired -to return the water of condensation to the boiler, as I save the oil, which can be used again in the engine-cylinder. The extractor is a closed vessel, preferably of cylindrical :pipe N, as shown.

form. The end of the entering pipe N is turned up vertically and closed at the end and perforated, as shown at N The pipe may be braced within the extractor by a perforated cylindrical partition nor of asuitable device. At the top of the extractor is asuitable pipe 0, fitted with a stop-cock 0 for removing at proper intervals the oily matters which by reason of their smaller specific gravity accumulate at the top of the extractor. The pipe J, forming the outlet-pipe of the extractor, is led out from a point near the bottom of the extractor, so as not to carry away any of the oily matters in the water of con densation. At H is shown the air-pump for forcing the water of condensation through the oil-extractor, the pump being joined to the I use the checlevalve K to keep the water which is passing through the open valve 2 from falling back when the 1 engine is stopped.

The different sections of my condenser are l adequately supported at alternately-opposite ends by means of the connecting-pipes e c. To prevent sagging at the other ends, I employ suitable braces as m, as shown clearly in i the drawings.

In Fig. 2 I still employ the double-chambered-pipe sectional surface condenser; but

the center pipe or inside chamber. Asbefore, I make the first two sections of the 1 same dimensions and the remaining sections of successively smaller dimensions. The object has already been explained as being one of economy, it not being necessary to have the steam-chambers so large after the steam has become partially condensed. In the construction shown in Fig. 1 I accomplish the reduction called for by making the outer pipes successively smaller, while the inner pipes remain of the same size to conduct a constant quantity of cold water. In the present instance I reduce successively the size of the inner pipe to provide for the graduallycondensing steam, and at the same time for obvious reasons I am able to reduce also somewhat thesize of the outer pipes and still have the necessary area for the induction-water to how. As before, the first section can be used either as a heating-section or a condensing-section. At the ends where the sections are joined together I use Ts, as c c, for coupling the sections together. The Ts at their ends have plugs ff screwed in, which plugs can be removed whenever it becomes necessary to clean the pipes which convey the steam. The steam first enters the inside chamber or steam-pipe at S, taking the direction indicated by the arrows and passing through all of the center pipes chambers of the series of sections. By the time it has passed through the last section E of the series it has become condensed and the air pump 11 draws the water of condensation from the section E and passes it into the oil pipe K into the outer chamber of my first section. From there it passes out by the pipes Q and Q and valve 6 to the boiler or elsewhere. When the first section is to be used as a condensing-section, valves 1, 3, and are open and valves 2, at, and 6 are closed. The valve 5 is in the pipe Q,,Which is connected to the outer chamber or pipe of the first section. The operation of the steam and the water of condensation has already been described. The induction-water enters at M and flows in the direction of the arrows through all the outer chambers, passingthrough the valves 3 and 5 on its Way to an exit overboard. The valve 3 is placed in the pipe which connects the first two sections in my condenser. The valve 4 is placed in a pipe P, which leads 0% between the sections last named and before the valve 3 is reached. When now it is desired to use the first section as a heatingsection, the valves 1, 3, and 5 are closed and the valves 2, 4, and 6 are open. In this case the induction-water passes out at the end of' the pipe P overboard and the water of condensation passes through the outer chambers of the first section and is subjected to the heat of the steam entering at S.

In Fig. 3 the double-chambered-pipe sections are made similar to the sections in Figs. 1 and 2, but are connected together differently. On one end the sections are joined together by the steam-pipe and on the other by the pipe which conducts the water of induction. The connecting-pipe for the passage of the steam is screwed into Ts on the inside or steam pipe, and the connecting-pipe for the passage of the induction-water is screwed at the opposite end into Ts on the outside or water-induction pipes. The Ts are provided with lugs, as before, and for the same purpose. The connection between the outer and inner pipes is made substantially as before by means of screw-Ts, as shown. The inlet-pipe J for the induction-water is screwed into one of these Ts on the end of the last section. Connection is made between the outer pipes by cross-pipes R R, as clearly shown in the drawings. The double-chambered-pipe sections are preferably reduced graduallyin size as the steam becomes condensed to cheapen the cost of construction. It may be stated once for all that the arrangement is such in every instance as to cause the induction-water to flow in an opposite direction from the steam.

The arrangement of lock-nut in Fig. 3 is clear from an inspection of the drawings.

On the extremity of the inside or steam pipe of the last section I place a vacuumchamber '11.

The course of the steam and that of the waterof the induction will be,evidentf rom an inspection of the arrows in connection with whathas already been said regarding Figs. 1 and 2. v

Having now described my invention, I claim 1. In a double-chamberedpipe sectional surface condenseigeach section consisting of a pipe within a pipe, the combination orthe different sections, the first two sections be ng of the same dimensions and the remaining sections gradually diminishing in S1Z 0,' the central pipe of the first section being goined to the water-induction pipe coming from the second section as a continuation thereof and being also joined to the pipe which carries off the water of condensation and both the connected pipes having suitable valves and connections, substantially as shown and described.

2. In a double-chainbered-pipe sectional surface condenser, a series of sections the first of which has a central pipe which is connected both to the water-induction pipe and to the pipe which carries off the waterof condensation, suitable valves being interposed, and the said pipe which carries off the water of condensation having, also, an outlet through the separate valve to the air.

3. In a double-chambered-pipe sectlonal surface condenser, a series of sections through all of which the steam is adapted to pass successively, an air-pump beyond the last section, and a pipe connected beyond the said air-pump and passing vertically through an oil-extractor to a point about two-thirds of the way up the inside of the said oil-extractor, the exit from the said oil-extractor being by means of a pipe, as J, which pipe is branched connected to the center pipe of the first section, substantially as described.

4. In a double-chambered-pipe sectional surface condenser, a series of sections, each consisting of a pipe within a pipe, the center pipe having a running thread cut on each end and extending at both ends through the outside pipe, Ts that screw on both ends of the outside and inside pipe together, locknuts screwing on the end of the inside pipe, and Ts or Ls screwing on the end of the inside pipe beyond the' lock-nuts for making connections between succeeding sections, as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a double-chamberedpipe sectional surface condenser,-a condensing-section consisting of a pipe within a pipe, the central pipe being longer than the outer pipe and the two pipes having screw-threads of similar IIO pitch, incoinbination withTs or other couplings for making a closed chamber of the outer the two pipes having screw-threads of similar pitch, in combination with Ts or other couplings for makinga closed chamber of the outer pipe and with Ts or other couplings with interposed lock-nuts for making connection between the central pipe and succeeding name, in the presence of two witnesses, this 20 29th day of July, A. D. 1891.

pipes, substantially as described.

7. In a double-chambered-pipe sectional surface condenser, a condensing-section consisting of a pipe within a pipe, the central plpe being longer than the outer pipe and T the two pipes having screw-threads of similar 3 pitch, in combination with Ts or other coup- 1 lings with interposed lock-nutsfor making connection between the central pipe and the central pipe of the adjoining section,the lastnamed Ts or couplings being provided with plugs, as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my ELIHU NELSON. Witnesses:

H. A. AOKEN, G. H. STOCKBRIDGE. 

